Boot or shoe nailing machine



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. N. SEVERANGE.

BOOTYOR SHOE NAILING MAGHINE. No. 434,998. Patented Aug 26,1890.

- (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. N. SEVERANCE. BOOT OR- SHOE NAILING MACHINE.

199494998. Patented Aug. 26, 1899.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

"J. N. sEVBRANOB. BOOT 0R SHOE NAILING MAGHINE..

No. 434,998. Patented Aug, 26, 1890.

p a o %;.13,

(No Model.\ 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. N. SBVERANOE. BOOT OR SHOE NAILING MACHINE.

No. 484,998. Patented Aug. 26, 1890.

(No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet 5.

J. N. SEVERANGE.

BOOT OR SHOE NAILING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 26, 1890.

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driver-bar.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN N. SEVERANOE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN VIBE FASTENING COMPANY, OF 'NE\V HAMPSHIRE.

BOOT OR SHOE NAILING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,998, dated August 26, 1890.

Application filed November 22, 1889. Serial No. 331,264. (No model.)

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN N. SEVERANCE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boston, (Jamaica Plain,) in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Boot or Shoe Sole Tacking Machines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in boot or shoe sole tacking machines, and it is carried out as follows, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 represents an ei'ilarged front view of the same. Fig. 3 represents an enlarged, vertical section 011 theline X X in Fig. 1, showing the adjustable wire-feed mechanism. Fig. 4 represents an enlarged vertical sectionon the line YY in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a side elevation of the machine, it being the reverse of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 representsa detail plan view of the spring device for actuating the driver-bar. Fig. 7 represents a section on the line '1 T in Fig. 5, showing the auxiliary spiral spring for actuating the Fig. 8 represents an enlarged detail sectional view of the auxiliary piece for receiving the wire and driver. Fig. 9 represents an enlarged section on the line Z Z, showing the cutters. Fig. 10 represents an enlarged section on theline U U in Fig. 5. Fig. 11 represents a similar section showing the nail-shank as being .cut. Fig. 12 represents a similar section with the parts in position when the driver-bar is accidentally broken. Fig. 13 represents an enlarged detail vertical section of the head and cutters, showing the nail in position to be driven. Fig. 14 rep resents a partial section of a boot or shoe, showing the nail as clinched. Fig. 15 represents a side view of the finished Wire nail; Fig. 16, a front view thereof; and Fig. 17, an enlarged bottom view of said nail.

Similar letters refer to similar parts wherever they occur on the different parts of the drawings.

In the drawings, a represents the head of the machine in bearings, in which is j ournaled the drivingshaft b. On the said shaft is located the loose pulley b, to which a rotary motion is imparted by means of a belt 19', as is common in machines of this kind.

0 is a balance-wheel secured to the shaft 1) as usual. On the shaft 1) is splined a suitable clutch (Z, that is longitudinally adjustable 011 said shaft by means of a knee-leverd', pivoted to the head of the machine and having connected to it the rod (1'', adapted to be operated by a spring-pressed treadle-lever, as is common in machinery of this kind, such treadle-lever being, however, not shown in the drawings. Vhenever it is desired to rotate the shaft 1), the clutch (l is interlocked with the clutch b on the pulley 12, causing the said shaft 1) to perform one complete revolution around its axis. In practice I use a clutch mechanism of that kind which is automatically stopped after it has made one complete revolution, as is common in machines of this kind, such being, however, not shown in the drawings, as it forms no part of my present invention.

The head of the machine is suitably secured to a standard or pillar f, a portion of which is shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5.

g represents the vertically-movabledriverbar having a driver g secured to its lower end, as is usual in machines of this kind.

The driver is suitably guided in the front part of the head of the machine and is raised against the influence of springs, hereinafter to be described, by means of a cam b secured to the driving-shaft b and actuating a pin or pin and roll 9 attached in a suitable manner to the driver-bar or a block thereon.

To the top of the head a is bolted or other wise secured the bracket A, having pivoted to its rear end, at A, the rockerA, to the upper end of which is firmly secured the rear end'of the flat or elliptical spring B, which is hinged in its forward end to a block B, resting on the upper end of the driver-bar g, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7. Said spring serves the purpose of forcing the driver-bar downward as soon as its pin or pin and roll g" is relieved from the cam 11*. In addition to this main spring B, I use an auxiliary coiled spring D, shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 7, which is contained in a recess A in the bracket A, its inner end resting against an adjustable nut D and its outer end resting against a block or cross-bar D, interposed between the outer end of said auxiliary spring and the lower forked end of the rocker piece A.

D is a regulating-screw passing loosely through a perforation in the-block D and through the spring D, it being screwed to through the nut D, and has its inner end resting against the bottom of the recess or cavity AZas shown in Figs. 5 and '7. The nut .D, although longitudinally adjustable in the said recess A is prevented from turning around its axis therein, and it will thus be seen that the pressure of the spring D can be adjusted simply by turning the screw D to the right or left, as may be desired, thus shortening or lengthening the distance between the supports of the screw D namely, the nut D and the block or bar D.

h is the reel, as usual, carrying the wire I from which the nail shown in Figs. 15, 16, and 17 is made, said reel being loosely journaled on a pin or spindle 7i secured toa stationary arm or bracket h on the machine, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The wire I is automatically fed downward,

shaped, severed, and carried to a position 0 centrally below the driver by the following mechanism and in a manner as follows: The wire I enters one side of the head a a short distance back of the driver-bar and is guided through a vertical tube a, located within 5 said head, as shown in Fig. 4. The wire is fed downward by means of a pair of grippers ZZ, pivoted at Z Z to a-vertically-sliding block Z ,which is adapted to slide up and down in ways or guides in the recess a in the head a.

40 The lower gripper ends of said grippersll are automatically held against two opposite sides of the wire I by the influence of springs Z Z secured in their upper ends to the block Z, and having their lower free ends pressing 5 outward against the upper ends of the said grippers Z Z, as shown in Figs. 2 and at. The

sliding block Z is moved upward by means of a spring Z interposed between said block and the lower end of the recess a", and it is automatically forced downward by means of a cam b secured to the rotary shaft 1), which cam as it rotates comes in contact with a pin, projection, or pin and roll m on the upper end of a knee-lever m, pivoted at m to q; the head a and hinged to the sliding block Z .at m as shown in Fig. 3, and it will thus be seen that as the cam 11 comes in contact with the lever m it causes it to turn on its fulcrum m, and thereby causes the gripper-block Z to move downward against the pressure of the spring Z which latter raises the said block Z as soon as the lever m is relieved from the cam b.

It is desirable in machines of this kind that the feed of the wire should be adjustable to compensate for variations in length of the nails to be made, and for this purpose I use,

in combination with the lever m, an adjustable stop-lever or projection m preferably pivoted at m to the head of the machine, as shown in Fig. 3, which serves as a stop for the inner end of the lever m, and thus limits the upward motion of the block Z" that is connected to said lever m.

I do not wish to confine myself particularly to the cam-shaped pivoted stop-lever m as shown and described, as any other suitable adjustable stop-projection may be used for this purpose, in connection with the sliding block Z, without departing from the essence of my invention.

During the downward motion of the block Z the inner ends of the gripper-levers Z Z impinge-against the wireand carry it downward the required distance, and during the upward motion of said block the said levers Z Z slide freely on the wire without imparting any motion to it; but for the purpose of preventing the wire from moving upward with the grippers Z Z, I arrange above the latter, in a recess a in the head a, a pair of springpressed gripper-levers Z0 Z0, pivoted in their upper ends, at it It, to the head of the machine, and having their lower ends normally held against the wire I by the influence of a suitable spring k", shown in Fig. 4. The said levers Z0 will allow the wire to pass freely between them, but will prevent the wire from moving upward, as fully shown and described. j

N represents the stationary cutter secured to the cutter-bloek N, preferably by means of a screw N, as shown in Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12.

N is a screw-bolt, by means of which the block N is secured to the lower part of the head a.

a" isa vertical concave recess in the face of the cutter N, directly below and in a line with the driver-bar g.

0 is the movable cutter secured to the cutter-block O in a manner as will hereinafter be more fully described.

0 is a vertical concave recess in the face of the cutter O, which is adapted to receive the lower end of the nail-wire when said cutter is in its rear position, represented in Fig. 0.

n is the shearing or cutting edge at the forward end of the recess n in the stationary cutter N, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12.

The operation of said cutters is as follows: Supposing the cutter O to be in its rear position, (represented in Figs. 9 and 10,) and the lower end of the nail-wire I fed into the concave recess 0 and recess a in the respective movable and stationary cutters, the cutterblock 0 and its cutter 0 now commence to move in the direction shown by arrows in Figs. 10 and 11, and in so doing one side of the nail-wire is cut off in a tapering direction by the stationary cutter-edge 97., leaving the nail i in a condition shown in Figs. 15, 16, and 17, and in such condition it is carried by the cutter O-to the place where it is to be -IIO driventhat is, to a place directly below the driver-bar-after which the driver-bar descends and drives the nail through the perforated nail-tube P, as shown in Fig. 13,.and

through. the soles S S and upper S of the boot or shoe, and causes the tapering end of the nail to be clinched against the metal lastcovering S of the wooden last S", as shown in Figs. 13 and 14 t" in Fig. 11 represents the waste portion cut off from the nail-wirein forming the nail, which waste is allowed to drop out at the bottom of the head of the machine, as usual.

The cutter-block O is reciprocated by means of the following mechanism: On the drivingshaft 5 is secured the grooved cam Z), in the peripheral groove of which projects the pin or pin and roll q, that is arranged on the upper end of the lever q, said lever being pivoted directly below the cam b on the fulcrum q", as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Thelower end of the lever q is forked, as shown at g in Fig. 5, and connected in a suitable manner to a stud or side projection O" on the cutter-block O, as shown in Fig. 9.

In machines of this kind it happens occasionally that the hard-steel driver breaks while driving the nail, and when the lower end of the driver is in the concave recesses of the abutting faces of the cutters. Should the movable cutter commence to move backward while a broken driver remains in the recessed cutters, great injury will be made to the cutters and other parts of the machine.

For the purpose of preventing injury to the cutters and their connections, as above mentioned, I secure the movable cutter O to its block 0, as follows: I make at the end of the block 0 a recess 0 adapted to receive the head of the set-screw 0 that is screwed into the cutter O, as shown in Figs. 10, 11, and 12, and said set-screw serves to hold the cutter O in place on the block 0. The rear end of the said cutter O rests against a ledge or abutment O on the block 0, and serves to take the thrust of the cutter during the shearing operation of the nail-wire. Through the block 0 and cutter O, I make a small lateral perforation, through which is driven the small metal pin 1', preferably made of soft iron, brass, or composition capable of being easily cut off or broken.

Should it happen that the driver g breaks while between the cutters N and O, as shown in Fig. 12, the small metal pin 0" will be severed, as shown in said figure, as soon as the block 0 commences to move backward, on account of the greater resistance between the hardened cutters and the driver inserted in their recesses, as compared with the breaking strain of the pin a and the holding power'of the set-screw O.

t in Figs. 4., 5, 8, and 13 represents an auxiliary guide-piece for the driver and wire, such piece or block being arranged above the cutters N O and secured in position within the head of the machine by means of a setscrew t, as shown in Figs. 4 and Said auxiliary guide-piece is provided with a pair of vertically-perforated steel tubes t" and t coinciding with the driver g and Wire I, and it serves as a removable guide for the driver and wire, which when worn out may easily be replaced with another one at a very slight expense.

. The operation of the machine is as follows: The boot or shoe is held by the operator against the under side of the nail-tube P, as shown in Fig. 13, and the machine set in operation by depressing the treadle connected to the clutch-rod c causing the shaft to make one complete revolution, during which the feed-block Z" is carried downward and thereby causing its gripper-levers Z Z to grip the wire and feed it downward into the space between the cutters N O. The cutter 0 then advances, causing the wire to be cut off the desired length, shaped, as shown in Fig. 15, and carried to a place directly below the driver-bar, which then descends and causes the nail to be driven and clinched, as shown in Fig. 14. After the nail has been driven the driver and the feed-block are returned to their upper normal positions, and the cutter O is automatically moved back to its normal position. (ShowninFigs.9and10.) Theshoe is then moved toa position below the nailtnbe P, where the next nail is to be driven. The machine is again set in motion, and so on, during the operation of feeding the wire, cutting, shaping, carrying, and driving the nails.

Having thus fully described the nature, construction, and operation of my invention, I wish to secure by Letters Patent, and claim 1. In a nail-driving machine, the combination, with a head a and nail-driver g, of a vertically-reciprocating block Z, carrying a pair of spring-pressed pivoted grippers Z for feeding the wire, a swinging lever m, carried on the head and pivotally connected with the block, and a rotating shaft 1), journaled on the head and having a cam 19 for operating the lever to depress the block, substantially as described.

2. In a nail-driving machine, the combination, with a recessed head a, and nail-driver g, of a reciprocating block Z", arranged in the recess of the head and carrying a pair of springpressed grippers Z for feeding the wire, aswingingleverm,pivotallyconnected withtheblock, a rotating shaft Z), journaled on the head and having a camb for swinging the lever and depressing the block, and a spring Z placed under tension by the descent of the block for elevating the latter when the cam leaves the lever, substantially as described.

' 3. In a nail-driving machine, the combination, with ahead at and a nail-driver g, of a vertieally-reciprocating block Z, carrying a pair of s 'iring-pressed pivoted grippers Z for feeding the wire, a swinging lever m, pivotally connected with the block, a rotating shaft b, journaled on the head and having a cam b for swinging the lever and depressing the block, a spring Z for raising the latter, and a pair of spring-pressed brake-levers is, pivoted on the head above the reciprocating block for holding the Wire against upward movement as the block and wire-feedin g grippers ascend, substantially as described.

4-. In a nail-driving machine, the combination, with a head a and avertieally-reeiprocating block Z, carrying a pair of spring-pressed pivoted grippers Z, of the swinging knee-lever m, arranged on the head and pivoted to the block, a rotary shaft 1), having a cam b for swinging the lever to depress the block, a spring Z for raising the block after the cam leaves the lever, and a pivoted regulatinglever an, adjustable on the head in the path of one arm of the knee-lever to abut the latter and limit the rising movement of the gripper-earryingblock,substantiallyas described.

5, 111a nail-driving machine, the hereindescribed mechanism for forcing the driverbar downward, consisting of a fiat steel spring B and its pivoted rocker, as described, com bined with the auxiliary spring D interposed between said rocker and a stationary support, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a'nail-driving machine, the hereindeseriloed mechanism for forcing the driverbar downward, consisting of the flat steel spring B and its pivoted rocker, as described,

combined with the auxiliary spring D, the nut D, and i-hesereWD engaging the nut for regulatin g the pressure of the auxiliary spring, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a nail-driving machine, the recipro eating cutter-block O and its cutter 0, combined with a screw for holding said parts together, and a pin 7" passing through said block and cutter for the purpose of preventing the cutter or its connections from injury in case the driver should get broken, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with the stationary cutter N, of the movable cutter O reciprocating in a planc'parallel to the stationary cutter for cutting the wire and moving the severed part laterally, and the removable auxiliary guide 25, having a pair of parallel hardenedsteel tubes 25 16 inserted thereinto and serving to respectively guide the driver and the wire, substantially as described. 7

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 11th day of May, A. D. 1869.

JOHN N. SEVERANCE.

Witnesses:

ALBAN ANDREN, GEO. W. WHITE. 

